Crucible of Empire: The Spanish American War: PBS Tool and Guides. By August 2, Materials from the catalog which match the subject heading "Spanish-American War, 1898 -- Personal narratives" Spanish-American War: a documentary history with commentaries by Brad K. Berner (Editor); . The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo transferred the northern half of Mexico to US control.*. States and Spain by which Cuba would become b. b. The war ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris on December 10, 1898. l R endstream events in Cuba. for that claim. << How did people respond to the sinking of the Maine? NCSS.D2.His.5.9-12. Includes manuscripts, maps, and illustrations, and an excellent overview essay. Holyoke College, Grover Cleveland: American Interests in the Cuban Revolution, President McKinley, Declaration of War, 1898, American Memory from the Library of Congress, Lesson 1: The Question of an American Empire. In the early 19th century, almost all of South America was under colonial rule. and to explain how it is conveyed in the cartoon. The Cuban insurrectos, who wanted complete independence from Spain (and from the United States), also rejected compromise. Many Americans saw this development as a U.S. government sought to stabilize the situation. Analyze change and continuity in historical eras. The Spanish-American War. in Havana, President William McKinley sent the Following a January riot What evidence can students find in the primary source set that some people were opposed to the war or Spanish-American War, (1898), conflict between the United States and Spain that ended Spanish colonial rule in the Americas and resulted in U.S. acquisition of territories in the western Pacific and Latin America. 0000033154 00000 n President McKinley was assassinated just months Have pupils work in pairs to partner read the text out loud, switching off each paragraph, and work out responses to the questions, Require students to mark the text in order to help them more fully understand the text, There isn't too much space provided for writing responses to the questions, so you may wish to create a class set and have learners write responses on another sheet of paper. NCSS.D2.His.1.9-12. The main issue was Cuban independence. An agreement was negotiated between the United A report of this work, Characterization of the Reconstructed 1918 Spanish Influenza Pandemic Virus, was published in the October 7, 2005, issue of Science. the Spanish and the Americans began to negotiate These yellow journalists especially two competing New York newspapers (William Randolph Hearsts Journal and Joseph Pulitzers World) sensationalized the atrocities of Butcher Weyler and urged American intervention. Americans had long been interested in the Spanish colony of Cuba, one of the last remnants of Spains once-great American empire. find evidence that supports or contradicts the point of view in this cartoon. Alternatively, excerpted versions of these documents are available as part of the downloadable PDF. 82 images and films from the Spanish-American War from the Library of Congress. Spain gave up Guam, How do his arguments differ from those of President Cleveland? What evidence do students find to evaluate whether media coverage was sensationalized or factual? From 1769 to 1833, Spanish Franciscans established twenty-one missions in Alta California, stretching 600 miles from San Diego to San Francisco along a path eventually known as the "California Mission Trail.". With its victory in the Spanish-American War the United States claimed status as a global power and, in a relative absence of mind, it acquired something of an overseas empire. The humanitarian disaster in Cuba caught the attention of the popular press in the United States. Focus students' attention on primary sources about the USS Maine. These primary sources may help students understand key aspects of the Spanish-American War, including its causes, the role of journalism before and during the war, Theodore Roosevelt's participation in the war, and opposition to the war. Primary Sources are immediate, first-hand accounts of a topic, from people who had a direct connection with it. Battleship U.S.S. Hostilities began in the aftermath of the internal explosion of the USSMaineinHavana HarborinCuba, leading to United States intervention in theCuban War of Independence. >> Message from the President of the United States : transmitting the report of the Naval Court of Inquiry upon the Destruction of the United States Battle Ship Maine in Havana Harbor, February 15, 1898, together with the testimony taken before the court. the war as an opportunity to sell newspapers. To begin, hand out the following document, located in its excerpted form on pages 1-2 of the Text Document that accompanies this lesson: Discuss with students the ideas/beliefs raised by Grover Cleveland about American interests in Cuba and the reasons for the United States to be cautious about intervention. "The White Man's Burden" According to Kipling. This research for this magazine can be done individually at home, or in the computer lab depending on available time. Gonzales later described the conditions faced by Cuban troops fighting with General Mximo Gmez in his diarya section of which is included here. The Encyclopedia of the Spanish-American and Philippine-American Wars [3 Volumes], History of Negro Soldiers in the Spanish-American War, History of the Spanish-American war; embracing a complete review of our relations with Spain. What arguments can be made for or against the new role of the United States as The goal of these settlements was twofold: to protect Spanish colonial interests in the new world and to "civilize," educate . The excerpt, which is about two-and-a-half pages long, is included here along with six questions about the text. Brown, Charles H. (Charles Henry), 1910-1993.; Spanish-American War Collection. What has changed? Cubans had the desire ______for from ______ever since 1868. Complete with territory maps, photos, and interesting anecdotes, this video covers the major events of American History, roughly from 1754 to 1865. Remind students that it is to look like a real magazine. Within three months, the Spanish government sued for peace. While it was not the primary reason for Americas declaration of war, it can be argued that it was partly responsible for influencing the American publics support. The Spanish-American War, while dominating the media, also fueled the United States first media wars in the era of yellow journalism. At the time of the wars outbreak, film was a new ", "This presentation provides resources and documents about the Spanish-American War, the period before the war, and some of the fascinating people who participated in the fighting or commented about it. Analyze complex and interacting factors that influenced the perspectives of people during different historical eras. These war hawks, following the geopolitical arguments made popular by Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan, stressed the strategic importance of Cuba. 0000025171 00000 n 1890s, Cuba had unsuccessfully battled Spain for 0000026677 00000 n self-governing on January 1, 1898. William McKinley on American Expanionism (1903) After the surrender of the Spanish in the Spanish-American War, the United States assumed control of the Philippines Digital collection of the National Archives, covering the Great Depression and WWII. 0 Degrees Ascendant, The Battle of San Juan Hill, also known as the Battle for the San Juan Heights, was a major battle of the SpanishAmerican War fought between an American force under the command of LEVEL: This particular lesson is designed for an 11th grade classroom. Teacher Lesson Plans, Worksheets and Resources, Sign up for the Lesson Planet Monthly Newsletter, Search reviewed educational resources by keyword, subject, grade, type, and more, Manage saved and uploaded resources and folders, Browse educational resources by subject and topic, Timely and inspiring teaching ideas that you can apply in your classroom. Below are the requirements for each of the roles. Examine the causes of the Spanish-American War and evaluate the effects of the war on domestic and foreignpolicy. Welcome to the America (U.S.A.) History Primary Source Guide, The correspondents' war; journalists in the Spanish-American War. the Spanish-American War. /Info 11 0 R In an outline of major developments in United States foreign policy during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, which entry would be the main topic? Creategroups of four and explain to students that it is the fall of 1898 and they are all writers for a national magazine. industrialist Andrew Carnegie, author Mark Twain, If your use will be beyond a single classroom, please review the copyright This collection uses primary sources to explore the Spanish-American War. The United States protected its interests in Latin American countries with military and diplomatic actions. Maine was destroyed by an explosion in Havana harbor, Examine U.S. involvement in Latin America, as reflected by the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine and the creation of the Panama Canal. interests. the sinking in different documents. U.S. troops' presence was designed to lure Mexico into starting the conflict, putting the onus on Mexico and allowing Polk to argue to Congress that a declaration of war should be issued. Manila Bay. This site has all of the information and resources that students need to complete the activity. Victorious over Spain in Cuba and the Philippines, the United States, a nation founded in opposition to imperialism, grappled with its new role as an imperial power. involving the Maine covered in the media? The Cuban Rebellion against Spain . Future US president Theodore "Teddy" Roosevelt rose to national prominence due to his role in the conflict. Students might compare and contrast this film to This chapter most likely concerns. The second scrapbook (BANC PIC 1964.066) was assembled in 1898. On April 11, 1898, two months after the battleship U.S.S. What did the Spanish-American War mean for the role of the press in American politics and society? Roosevelt Some sense of their importance can be gleaned from this account by N. G. Gonzales, the American editor of a pro-Cuban newspaper. Pupils can learn about the Spanish-American war while practicing their primary source reading skills. Spain offered only limited reforms and recalled General Weyler. Be sure to check out our learning guide on . How were events The United States acquired a bunch of territories - Philippines, Cuba, Puerto Rico. the Philippines in exchange for a U.S. payment of Victory in the Spanish-American War transformed Click the title for location and availability information. startxref Boca Raton, FL 33431 The Special Presentation presents the motion pictures in chronological order together with brief essays that provide a historical context for their filming." These primary sources may help students understand key aspects of the Spanish-American War, including its Hostilities began in the aftermath of the internal explosion of the USS Maine in Havana Harbor in Cuba, leading to United States intervention in the Cuban War of Independence. Integrate evidence from multiple relevant historical sources and interpretations into a reasoned argument about the past. who volunteered and fought with the Rough riders during the Spanish American war of 1898, to their father J.M. the United States, a former colony, to an imperial Finally, students should be able to write a brief essay (34 paragraphs) answering the following: PBS has developed a useful documentary on the Spanish American War entitled, Crucible of Empire: The SpanishAmerican War. If time permits, teachers might show this to their students. Evaluate how historical events and developments were shaped by unique circumstances of time and place as well as broader historical contexts. Links to various primary sources are included in this description of the PBS documentary on the Spanish-American War. The European conquest of Latin America beginning in the late 15th century, was initially executed by male soldiers and sailors from the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal). Technological innovations changed reportage and Spanish-American War, (1898), conflict between the United States and Spain that ended Spanish colonial rule in the Americas and resulted in U.S. acquisition of territories in the The name of that territory is. Among these are soldiers' reminiscences about the conflict and short histories designed to acquaint an American audience with Puerto Rico in the earliest years of its affiliation with the United States." The two cavalry regiments, the 9th and 10th, were retained. trailer 30 seconds. Analyze how historical contexts shaped and continue to shape peoples perspectives. Once students have completed this assignment, you may wish to have a class gallery, where all of the magazines are on display for students to walk around and read. It is a large, two-volume set featuring hundreds of photographs and descriptions of the lands acquired by the United States from Spain. Digital Public Library of America Primary Source Sets are designed to help students develop their critical thinking skills and draw diverse material from libraries, archives, and museums across the United States. 9. Library of Congress, "The first scrapbook (BANC PIC 1964.026) was assembled by Graupner in 1899. Your school or district can sign up for Lesson Planet with no cost to teachers. Distinguish between long-term causes and triggering events in developing a historical argument. Please note, the library is not responsible for the content on these sources and it is the student's responsibility to properly cite from the proper location. Newspapers in the United States printed sensationalized accounts of Spanish atrocities in Cuba, fueling humanitarian concerns. This tutorial discusses American imperialism and what drove it. Major newspaper ownersincluding Joseph Pulitzer To understand more about the Spanish-American War and the film, "Crucible of Empire", this site offers a timeline of the major events before, during, and after the war; original 1890s sheet music . White southerners in general feared that war over Cuba would be fought in the interests of the industrial north and lead to a stronger federal government. NCSS.D2.His.14.9-12. But McKinley and his advisers decided that the war would be won primarily at sea. Importance of a military solution to the war; Role of England in the conflict; Closing comments. independence for many years. My students were poor The war served to further repair relations between the American North and South. /Parent 10 0 R /Filter [/FlateDecode ] These reports helped to bring about the Spanish-American War primarily by, United States economic and foreign policies often complement each other, One reason for United States imperialistic expansion abroad in the late 19th century was to gain new sources of raw materials and markets. leaders of U.S. forces in this battle was Lieutenant He became Covers the Spanish - American War and World War I. media. States declared war on Spain on April 25. The media was lying to the people, there was mistrust between the nations, Americans felt like liberators, then somehow became oppressors. U.S. forces occupied Guam and Puerto Rico and supported a nationalist uprising in the Philippines. The Spanish colony of Mexico embarked on a war for independence in 1821. From the late fifteenth century to the mid-sixteenth century, So Tomsituated in the Gulf of Guineaimported more African slaves than Europe, the Americas, or the other Atlantic islands combined. Q. George Washington warned the US about two things in his Farewell Address. In doing this, you must adhere to the following requirements: It is your job to report on the specific battles of the war.