4 (2000): 622. Her husband was arrested, essentially for being Mormon, leaving her alone to care for her children. A test passed by the faithful. [69] Kenney, ed., Wilford Woodruffs Journal, 1:322. John Lowe Butler, thirty, and wife Caroline, twenty-six, converts in Kentucky three years earlier, lived in Mirabile just south of Far West with their four children. First in Ohio and then three times in Missouri, they had practiced starting over. After one severe storm, Daniel said, Our corn bread was frosen so hard I had to take the ax and break it and give it to the children to gnaw at, the bread looking like chunks of ice. As many as one hundred families were camped along the banks, he said. Joseph quickly shut the door when he heard Emma coming, but Emma kept knocking and called out Eliza's . All rights reserved. She was often anxious and sad, but she coped. He looked at Emma Smith's decision to remain in Nauvoo through the eyes of a therapist. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Joseph was susceptible to vomiting anyway. Many found refuge not only in Quincy but throughout Adams County and all over western Illinois. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. They restarted on February 14 and reached the Mississippi two weeks later, on March 1, where they camped and waited for more than a week.[47]. 8 What did Emma Emma do for the LDS Church? ( 6-8 Oct 1866, 36th Semi-Annual Conference, Bowery, G. S. L. City. Bidamon was support for Emma in raising her five children. Early Life and Marriage of Emma Smith. Donate to us by shopping at Amazon at no extra cost to you. FAIR is a non-profit organization dedicated to providing well-documented answers to criticisms of the doctrine, practice, and history of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Newel said, Bro. The animosity between Brigham Young and Emma had multiple grounds: personal, religious, and financial. Illinois law at the time held that no church could hold more than ten acres of property, and so much of the church's properties were held in Joseph's name. Mobbers shot cows while girls were milking them. 343-362. Louis. They were enough to wear out any woman and if she, in the end, was tired of fighting her way through life, that can be understood. . A few visitors from Brigham Young's faction of the Latter-day Saints came from Utah Territory to visit Smith at this house. In order to understand this, we need to look at her personality and what she experienced prior to the death of Joseph.". By 1838 Quincy had a strong population base of sixteen hundred residents, mostly Germans and New Englanders, and several industries and businesses, including its share of coopers and cabinet-makers, saddlers and leather-makers, and a pork packing and meat processing center. Quincy was on its way to prosperity. They formed the first wave of the exodus. Governor Boggs infamous extermination order remained a stain on Missouris character for 137 years until June 25, 1976, when Missouri governor Christopher S. Bond signed an executive order rescinding it. "Emma seemed to wax and wane in her acceptance of the practice," Delewski said. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. She later married Major Lewis Bidamon, who had supported the Mormons during the trials, but was not a member. Provo, UT 84602 Church leaders told fugitive Charles C. Rich to flee north into the wilderness and take all that I Could find of the Brethren that was in the Crooked river Battle. So he and others left Far West at midnight on November 1. [84] Aroet Hale, Autobiography, typescript, 6, Perry Special Collections. Josephs death occurred on 27 June 1844. It is significant to note that the revelation instructed the entire presidency of the Church to leave Kirtland. In Daviess County on Caldwell Countys north side, Saints had begun building about 150 log houses at Adam-ondi-Ahman, and as many as 1,500 Saints in total lived in Daviess County. My God is it you Bro. In jail in Richmond were Parley P. Pratt, Norman Shearer, Darwin Chase, Luman Gibbs, Morris Phelps, and King Follett. She helped to care for Josephs mother and her mother-in-law noted that few women had endured as many trials as she had with so much grace. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. When the two authors began piecing together Emmas life, there was only one small manila folder about her in the entire LDS Archives. She seems, among other things, to have been worried about providing for her children, as well as protecting them from the violence which had claimed Joseph. Grant Building 3 Why didnt Emma Smith go west with the Saints? . [6], In the exodus, Mormon militiamen were the first to leaveor rather escape. An old man who was sympathetic to the needy Saints hired John to teach his children and grandchildren and neighbors children. All the same, she continued to have a testimony of his role as a prophet and she carried out her duties faithfully. We had the last company of the poor with us that could be removed.[96], But the exodus was not quite complete because five prisoners were still in Liberty Jail and six in Richmonds jail, including King Follett, who had just been arrested that month while trying to leave Missouri. Joseph Smiths parents. [76] They moved in with Judge John Cleveland and his Latter-day Saint wife, Sarah, four miles east of Quincy. Some church members inappropriately rejected her because of her rejection of polygamy and her outspokenness on the subject. Browse the pages of the original 1835 hymnbook. John said that Quincy residents generally were kind to the Saints all over the place. The Butlers stayed in Quincy for three or four weeks. . Church Service When Joseph returned to Harmony, he received a revelation for Emma, now known as Doctrine and Covenants 25, calling her an elect lady and encouraging her to comfort and support Joseph in his afflictions. Great questions! But the way Emmas story is carefully sculpted reveals as much about gender expectations and religious norms in our own era as it did when Brigham Young declared her mormona non grata. [45] The Mosiah Hancock Journal (Salt Lake City: reprint by Pioneer Press, n.d.), 11. During that period, the place was a hive of activity; Joseph Smith and his wife, Emma, and Oliver Cowdery were boarding with the Whitmers, and other people (including curiosity-seekers) were constantly coming and going. Why did God ask Emma Smith to accept the plates? About Terrie Lynn Bittner The late Terrie Lynn Bittnerbeloved wife, mother, grandmother, and friendwas the author of two homeschooling books and numerous articles, including several that appeared in Latter-day Saint magazines. [77], On February 23, the Quincy Whig reported that Saints were coming in from all quarters and that for several days they have been crossing at this place, bringing with them the wreck of what they could save from their ruthless oppressors. He sealed that witness with his life. Mormon regard for Quincy. He was not, however, a member of her familys faith and in fact, had received a vision at age fourteen telling him not to join any existing church because none were completely right. Smith's wives were believed to be between the ages of 20 and 40 at the time they were "sealed" or married to him. On this same day, there was a skirmish between the mob and the Saints west of Big Blue River. Tucked between popular Church history chapters about Liberty Jail and Nauvoo is a little-known but vitally important chapter dealing with the Latter-day Saints seven-month struggle to survive the winter of 183839 in Missouri and to leave there by spring 1839. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Caroline Butler, whose husband had fled Missouri in November, couldnt care for her four young children, ages seven years to two months, and drive her wagon at the same time. Mormon women have the specific responsibility to be righteous daughters of God; good, faithful wives; and loving mothers. In the past three decades, there has been more published about Emma Smith in official church channels, including the new Daughters in My Kingdom manual, which mentions her very positively as the founder of the Relief Society, and the Gospel Doctrine manual for church history, which holds her up as an examplesomewhat reproachfullyof how to support ones spouse. Another died young at age 26. She is known in Church history for being well educated and was able to act as a scribe for Joseph when he was translating the plates because of it. This difficult situation was complicated by the immense demands on Brigham Young's time. He crossed the river and found some hundred of the brethren waiting for the new ferry boat to be completed, which was done the next day. Caroline went ahead and brought back some elders from a camp ahead to give Martha and Keziah blessings. Babbitt would make Brigham's requests to Emma sound abrupt and thoughtless, and her responses to him selfish and defensive.[5]. That same day Latter-day Saint men assembled at the town square at bayonet point and, one by one, signed deeds that gave their land to the state of Missouri to pay the costs of the Mormon War. On November 6, soldiers took more prisoners and then ordered all Saints out of Missouri by spring. The Missouri Arguss editor argued incorrectly on December 20, 1838, that they cannot be driven beyond the limits of the statethat is certain. This book contains copies of the individual and group petitions and provides excellent explanations about each of the petition drives and how the petitions were used by the Church to seek redress for its members. [97] Liberty Jail prisoners were Joseph Smith, Hyrum Smith, Lyman Wight, Alexander McRae, and Caleb Baldwin. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. He had no steady occupation and was involved intensely with religion. These include the petitions for redress, prison letters, other correspondence, diaries, autobiographies and memoirs, pamphlets, newspaper articles, and a mass of official Missouri government records. How Orrin Hatch protected people of faith, KSL Newsradio is preparing to celebrate its 100th anniversary. The Butler and Smoot families. . So Levi rigged up a foot lathe and soon had two hubs turned out and built a cart. Emma saw in him what her family missed. Not six months before the death of Joseph, he called his wife Emma into a secret council, and there he told her the truth, and called upon her to deny it if she could. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Much business of consequence was accomplished during the day, Elder Woodruff noted, adding, It truly gave us great Joy to once more sit in conference with Br. The poem praised those Who have put forth your liberal hand to meet / The urgent wants of the oppressd and poor! In 1841 Joseph and Hyrum Smith and Sidney Rigdon, the First Presidency, issued a proclamation of appreciation, saying, It would be impossible to enumerate all those who in our time of deep distress, nobly came forward to our relief and like the good Samaritan poured oil into our wounds and contributed liberally to our necessities as the citizens of Quincy en masse and the people of Illinois generally seemed to emulate each other in the labor of love.[112], In Quincys Washington Park stands a simple historical marker erected in 1976 to memorialize the Saints exodus. Modern Mormons are beginning to come to terms with Emma as the elect lady God declared her to be in a revelation, but a very real and human one at the same time who fought for God as long as she had to before choosing the calmer life she longed for. Browse the pages of the original 1835 hymnbook. Emma and Brigham also disagreed about which parts of Joseph's estate were personal property, and which belonged to the Church.[1]. Elder Young, when his life seemed in danger, left Far West for Illinois on February 14, but Elder Kimball stayed behind to help with the removals.[38]. Many people have focused almost entirely on the decisions she made in the last years of Joseph Smiths life and after his death, and sometimes those events trouble Mormons and please non-Mormons. Abraham O. Smoot became mayor of Salt Lake City and then Provo, president of the Utah Stake, and a promoter of Brigham Young Academy. Anson Call. [27] Gentry, Latter-day Saints in Northern Missouri, 41419. [107] In todays currency, that equals $52,325,000 total, or $77,000 per petitioner. [109] Johnson, Mormon Redress Petitions, xixxxvii. Joseph and Emma adopt the Murdock twins nine days after birth. [Isaac] Streator, Feb. 22, 1839, in Eliza R. Snow Letter from Missouri, BYU Studies 13 (Summer 1973): 549. A Collection of Sacred Hymns for the Church of the Latter Day Saints was published in 1835. [19] John P. Greene, Facts Relative to the Expulsion of the Mormons or Latter-day Saints from the State of Missouri, Under the Exterminating Order (Cincinnati: R. P. Brooks, 1839), 8. the support materials for the Joseph Smith manual. When it entered his stomach he went to the door and threw it off. [59] Hartley, My Best for the Kingdom, 90. Jannalee worked as a writer and editor at LDS Living for seven years before hanging up her press badge and starting the journey of stay-at-home motherhood. Mormon leaders have acknowledged for the first time that the church's founder and prophet, Joseph Smith, portrayed in church materials as a loyal partner to his loving spouse Emma . Memoirs of Joseph Smith III (18321914), ed. [52] Heber C. Kimball Journals, 18381839, in Porter, Brigham Young and the Twelve, 134. What does the L.M., C.M. According to historian Richard Bushman, Joseph saw polygamy simply as a way to join families together for eternity. Some of Emmas friends, as well as many members of the Smith family, alienated themselves from Youngs followers. . While locals let the suffering Saints crowd into farms, sheds, huts, and tents, they judged the refugees to be generally of the poorer and more illiterate classes.[78] On February 25, Quincy leaders met and adopted measures to provide relief. Emma died in Nauvoo on April 30, 1879, at age 75. According to the official narrative, Emma stayed behind in Nauvoo rather than joining the majority of the Saints in Utah because she was a widow caring for five young children and Josephs aging mother, not because she believed that, as she expressed it at the time, the Twelve have made bogus of it.. The Saints exodus from Missouri took place mostly during winter and involved four main arenas: Far West, Missouri; Quincy, Illinois; a road network between the two cities; and the west shore mudflats across the Mississippi River from Quincy. I, 29 December 1833 to 31 December 1840 (Midvale, UT: Signature Books, 1983), 322. [51] Ronald K. Esplin, The Emergence of Brigham Young and the Twelve in Mormon Leadership, 18301841 (PhD diss., Brigham Young University, 1981), 370; Times and Seasons, September 1840, 165. If Brigham Young had one constant character trait, it was his absolute faithfulness to Joseph Smith. However, she had to wait for two months before she was confirmed, as Joseph was arrested the next day for his preaching about the Book of Mormon. https://www.hymnsandcarolsofchristmas.com/HTML/what_is_meter.htm. The temple site has been salvaged and given modern landscaping, but no houses remain. Their difficult trip to Mississippi River took twelve days: We had snow and rain every day but 2. a boy whom many Saints felt to be Smiths rightful prophetic heir, The biography Linda and Valeen published with Doubleday several years later. . During this last bout, Joseph said gratefully, "My wife waited on me. [20] The Life of Joseph Holbrook, 18061871, typescript, 46, Perry Special Collections. They organized into a company with Rich as captain. Refugees moved as individuals, by families, or in small clusters of wagons whenever they were ready. At Huntsville, the driver said his horses could not go on, so the Knights unhitched the wagon and camped. Joseph Smith and the Latter Day Saints leadership had always asked for help from the US government. However, the LDS church cites Fanny as Smith's first plural wife, noting that the pair married in Kirtland, Ohio in the mid-1830s, when Smith would have been about 30 himself. John Lowe Butler, for one, wanted his written record to stand as a witness against Missourians who were cruel to his suffering family during the exodus and earlier. She worried if John had escaped Missouri or been caught. This article examines the results of the Religious Landscape Study conducted in 2014 by the Pew organization, looking specifically at information related to the questions of who is leaving The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, why they leave, where they go, and what factors seem to contribute to their exodus.

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